kershaw



J. L. KERSHAW. DECD.

w. M. BALDWIN. ADMINISTRATOR.

BENDING MACHINE.

APPLlCATION FILED APR. 23. I915. te ay 20, 1919' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rm: .vonms PETERS 27., Pudmufna. wnsmrva mu. 0. c.

J. L. KERSHAW. DECD.

w. M. BALDWIN. ADMINISTRATOR.

BENDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION F|I. ED APR. 23, I915.

Patented May 20, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3 m: Nonnls PETERS cc..PHo1u urHo..wAsHmt-mn. n4

J. L. KERSHA-W. DECD. w. M. BALDWIN. ADMINISTRATOR.

BENDING MACHINE.

1,304,326. APPLICATION FILED APR. 23. I915- Pfltented May 20 5SHEETS-SHEET 4- m: mmms rsrsRs co" PHOTD-LITHQ, WASHINGTON. l:v c.

J. L. KERSHAW. DECD.'

w. M. BALDWIN. ADMINISTRATOR.

BENDING MACHINE.

AEPLICATIMLFILED APR. 23. I915. Patented Ma y 20,

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UN ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES L. KERSHAW, 0F CLEVELAND, OHIO; VT. M. BALDWIN, ADMINISTRATOR OFSAID JAMES L. KERSHAW, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNEASSIGNMENTS, OF ON E-FIFTH TO ADOLPHUS L; KERSHAW AND ONE-FIFTH TOISABELLA KERSHAW,

OF CLEVELAND, OHIO BENDING-MACHINE.

Patented May 20, 1919.

Application filed April 23, 1915. Serial No. 23,512.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, JAMEs L. KERsHAw, a citizen of the United States,and resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bending-Machines,of which I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

The objects of the invention are to provide a machine for bending-in alateral direction fiat bands of metal, and also metal shapes whichinclude in their construction flat bands or bars having laterallyextending members, such as angle bars and channelbars.

The invention includesmeans for bending the band into a circular form,by exerting lateral pressure at spaced points thereon while securing theintermediate part from movement and exerting vertical pressure to retainthe band in its flat condition, and in the case of bending metal shapeswhich include a horizontal flat member and vertical members or fiangesintegral with the horizontal member, the machine is designed to exert asufficient vertical pressure to not only retain the device in itshorizontal plane while it is being laterally bent, but also suflicientto permanently overcome the inherent elasticity of all parts thereof andespecially to apply on all parts suflicient-pressure to retainthem inshape after they are released from the machine. t

The invention comprises a heavy press in which horizontally andvertically moving formers are employed to compress and shape the metal.

It also includes means for efficiently and positively adjusting theamount of relative movement of the formers and for obtaining perfectvcontrol of the amount of bending desired in the article inany directionto correct any distortion therein, and to increaseor diminish thepressure at any point therein.

The invention is further designed to act automatically upon cold metaland to bend the metal without leaving evidence of swaging or bruising inany manner thereon, which will. interfere with its appearance or sale,to produce a substantially correct degree of curvature, and also providefor the retreatment of any one portion of the metal are.

The invention further includes means for operating the individual setsof formers alternately, thus reducing the amount of power. required tooperate the machine.

The invention further comprises the combination and arrangement of,parts and construction of the various details hereinafter described,shown in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of thedevice; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device on centralplane; Fig. 3 is aside elevation with gearing removed; Fig. 4 is an elevation of the frontside thereof; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal vertical section on centralplane; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the horizontal cross head, showing theattached formers Fig, 7 is a perspective 75 view of the forward orcentral. die or abutment against which an angle bar is bent when thehorizontal flange or leg is inside the curve; Fig. 8 is a perspectiveview of sets of blocking wedges which, fill the space between theforward portion of the bed and the forward dies; Fig, 9 is a sectionalview on a central vertical plane showing the form and arrangement of,forming diesf or bending angleb-ars with the horizontal flange or legoutside ofthe curve; Fig. 9Fillustrates an additional plate employedtherewith; Fig. 10'is a similar view on a central vertical plane showingforming dies for bending channel bars; Fig. 10. illustrates amodification thereof; and is a vertical central section; Fig. 11 is aside elevation o'f bar feeding device which is operated by hand; Fig. 12is a plan view of clamps which hold the adjusting nut in each of thecross heads.

In these views A is the horizontal bed plate of the machine and B is avertical portiou thereof. C represents the bar to be operated upon,which moves transversely of the bed plate in the opening 0' arranged toreceive it. 7

In Figs. 1 and 5 the construction of forming dies and their mode ofoperation is shown. Here horizontally moving bending die blocks ,1), D,are spaced apart upon a cross head D. D which reciprocates in suitableguides or gibs D upon the bed plate'A, and'the cross head is operated bymeans of an eccentric E and main shaft E, and the cross head is formedin two portions D, 2 relatively adjustable to each other by means of ascrew F, one end of which is secured in the main portion D of the crosshead and is operated by means of the nut F which is rotatably mounted toengage the other portion and is attached thereto by means of straps f,f, which engage grooves f, f, in the nut.

The nut is preferably operated by means of the spur gears F F and rod Fand bevel gears F F, and operating wheel F positioned where it isreadily accessible to the operator. I

This screw gives possibilities of fine adjustment to the cross head andbending dies.

The abutment against which the central portion of the bar is pressedincludes preferably the blocking and adjusting wedges as shown in Fig.5, and which corresponds with the forms employed in bending an angle barhaving the flange or leg inside.

Here G is a block which is suspended from a vertically moving cross headH, and which substantially fills the angle of the bar, and rests uponthe lower flange. G is a second block engaging the block G and having awedge g in its lower edge which is horizontally adjustable by means ofscrews 9 to en gage and press upon the outer edge of the angle bar.

In addition, further blocks I and I fill the space between the angle barand a vertical thrust block J at the end of the machine.

The blocks I and I may comprise also vertical Wedges adjustable by meansof screws 2', 2', for use in bending bars, with the flange extendinoutwardly as will be described hereina ter. When the position of thecross head has been adjusted by means of the screw F the forwardmovement of the cross head will compress the vertical le or flange ofthe angle bar against the filing blocks G and I and thrust block J andby means of the wedge g and the interposed thin bar g the horizontal legor flange will also be tightly engaged, and held in place while thespaced forming dies are bending the bar.

The effect of bending the angular bar in this manner with the horizontalflange on the inside is to stretch the outer edge of the angle and tocompress the inner edge of the horizontal flange. The vertical flangewill also bend horizontally to correspond to the curvature of the anglebar, but will not be able to retain its shape when removed from thepress, without previous pressure applied thereto in a verticaldirection, since the horizontal pressure thereon will not stretch theupper edge of the vertical flange as much as the lower edge is stretchedat the angle. That is the upper edge will bend without stretching theresult being that when released the bar will curve upward unlessvertical pressure is first brought to bear upon the bar upon each sideof the central. hearing K to stretch the upper edge until it is the samelength as the lower edge and the natural. elasticity thereof has beenovercome.

The bar is therefore strained downward on each side of the centralbearing 72 by means of pressure dies H H one arranged at each side of avertical cross head H and engaging the upper edge of the vertical flangeof the angle bar on each side of the center of the machine, and equallyspaced from the central bearing which is slightly raised above the bedplate.

The lower edge of the cross head is also centrally cut away at 71, topermit of the vertical straining of the angle bar.

The central thrust block Gr shows a slight projection at its lower frontedge which engages the front edge of the horizontal flang and preventsit from buckling when compressed. This block is connected cen trallywith the vertically moving cross head by means of the forked clamp orchain L which engages with projections Z, Z, upon the block, and is madeadjustable by means of wedging blocks m and n, the parts being secureddetachably to the cross head by means of bolts 0, 0, in separable partsH, H.

This cross head is made vertically adjustable by means of the screw Pattached to one portion H and the nut Q attached to the other portion Hand rotatable therein. The downward pressure is obtained by means of thewedge R horizontally movable in the vertical portion B of the bed plate,and is returned by means of the springs S, S, which operate upon rods S,S, secured in the upper portion of the cross head.

The plates T, T, upon the upper portions of the cross head enter thegroove t in the nut and lift the lower portion of the cross head. Bytightening the bolts t, t suflicient friction can be brought to bearupon the nut to prevent it from turning under the jarring action ofoperating.

The wedge is operated by means of a cam 7 upon a shaft W and this cam isdesigned to give a constant pressure commencing in advance of themovement of the horizontal crosshead, and holding the pressure rigidlyuntil the horizontal formers cease to work when the wedge is immediatelywithdrawn and the spring raises the vertical crosshead. The bar is thenreleased by both crossheads and can be moved forward for repetition ofthis treatment.

A device is shown for moving the bar forward periodically for a shortdistance when the described treatment is repeated, until the entirelength of the bar is bent.

This is accomplished by means of a lever Z pivoted at Z to themachine,.and provided with a chisel shaped gripping pawl or dog Z whichwill act to feed the bar forward when the lever is moved forward, butwill slip when the lever is moved backward. The

chisel is so shaped as to accomplish this result.

Stops Z Z are adj ustably secured to the frame of the machine todetermine the amount of feed of the bar at each movement of the formingdies.

A clutch V, V, shown in Fig. 2 permits of disconnecting the cam shafttemporarily from the hub V of the operating gear V so that the positionof the vertical cross head and dies thereon can be independentlyadjusted, and by disconnecting these parts the lower portion of themachine can be used independently of the upper portion.

The machine is operated by means of a band fly wheel V driving shaft Vpinion V and gears V and V on the shaft E which operatively connect theparts together.

In case the angle shows a tendency to bend down the additionalhorizontal wedges U, U can be employed adjustably secured at the extremeedges of the bed plate, to overcome this tendency. -By use of thesewedges if they are inserted far enough beneath the angle bar the bar canbe bent into a spiral if desired.

In Figs. 9 and 9 are shown the construction of the forming dies employedin bending an angle bar with the leg or flange on the outside of thecurve.

Here the bending dies D, D, and cross head D remain the same with theexception that an extension (Z is added to each one which practicallyfits the angle and is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9.

The bearings K, K are also moved to a. position underneath the verticalflange and are spaced apart the pressure from above being applied in thecenter of the space between them. The pressure from above is applied bymeans of the central block d attached to the vertical cross head H.

'The abutment J and filling blocks I and G are employed but anadditional central block I upon which the bar is bent is required. Noplate similar to plate g Fig. 5 is required.

By means of this construction the tendency of an angle bar to curvedownward at the ends when bent in this manner is overcome, and sincethis tendency will be the reverse from that of a bar bent as previouslydescribed, a slight change in the forms of bearings and dies isrequired.

The action of the horizontal pressure is to expand the outer edge of thehorizontal flange and to contract the inner edge at the angle and anequal amount of contraction is not produced at the upper edge of thevertical flange unless vertical pressure is applied thereto between twobed plate bearings K until an equal amount of contraction of both edgesof the vertical flange is obtained.

In Figs. 10 and 10 are shown modified forms of dies employed in bendinga channel bar edgewise.

Here X is a vertical die formed in two portions which is so formed tomake it release itself when the cross head and part of the die rises andalso it is adjustable as shown in Fig. 10 to different sizes of channelbars and is designed to substantially fill the inclosed'space betweenthe vertical flanges, one portion is attached to the cross head and theother remains in thechannel; The rest plate or bearing K is in thecenter and the plates K are spaced from the center. The filling blocksare the same as in Fig. 9.

In Fig. 10 a filling piece X is inserted between.

v The action upon the channel bar combines the results obtained in bothFigs. 5 and 9' viz. of putting the bar under vertical pressure beyondthe limit of elasticity to expand the upper edge of one flange and tocontract the upper edge of the other flange while the horizontal diesare shaping the bar.

Having described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine for bending a metal bar having horizontal and verticalflanges, a bed plate upon which said bar rests, vertically actingholding and straining devices for said bar adapted to retain said bar inposition and to overcome the tendency thereof to become distorted whenhorizontally bent, and subsequently and horizontally acting bendingdevices including a stationary central abutment engaging one edge ofsaid horizontal flange and spaced horizontally moving members engagingthe other side of said horizontal flange and engaging one face of saidvertical flange.

2. Means for bending a metal bar having horizontal and vertical flanges,in the plane of the horizontal flange, including devices for firststraining said vertical flange in the direction of its plane beyond theelastic limit thereof, to prevent subsequent distortion thereof, andsubsequently acting means for bending the horizontal plane into thepredetermined arc comprising a fixed abutment, engaging one edge of saidhorizontal flange, and spaced horizontally moving members engaging theother edge of said horizontal flange, and a vertical face of thevertical flange.

3. Means for bending a metal bar having horizontal and vertical flanges,in the plane of the horizontal flange, including devices for firststraining said vertical flange in the direction of its plane beyond theelastic limit thereof, to prevent subsequent distortion thereof, andsubsequently acting means for bending the horizontal plane into thepredetermined arc comprising a fixed abutment, engaging one edge of saidhorizontal flange, and spaced horizontally moving members engaging theother edge of said horizontal flange, and a vertical face of thevertical flange, and means for alternately operating said vertically andhorizontally moving mechanism.

4:. In combination, in a machine for bend ing metal bars havinghorizontal and vertical flanges in the plane of one flange, a frame anda bed plate upon which the bar rests, a vertically reciprocating crosshead in said frame, means upon said cross head for engaging the freeedge of one flange to strain the same to a predetermined degree, andalso engaging means on said cross head for the flat surface of the otherflange, an operating means for said cross head having a short period ofaction and a long period of rest, and a period of quick return, andsubsequently acting means for bending the bar in the direction parallelto the plane of the other flange, including an abutment upon said base,a reciprocating cross head opposed thereto and provided with spacedengaging parts, and means for adjusting the operating means for bothsaid cross heads.

5. In a bending machine, in combination, a frame, a verticallyreciprocable and longitudinally adjustable cross head in said frame, anoperating Wedge in said frame engaging said cross head, an actuating camfor said wedge, and a subsequently acting horizontally reciprocable andhorizontally adjustable cross head in said frame, and an actuating camtherefor, cam shafts for the respective cams, operating means for saidshafts, and an adjustable abutment in said frame opposed to saidhorizontally reciprocating cross head.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand this 16th day of April,1915.

RALPH W. JEREMIAH, WM. M. MONROE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe "Commissioner of Patentu Washington, D. 0.

